calev

Work with systemd.time like calendar events in Scala

Description

Small Scala library for parsing systemd.time like calendar event expressions. It is available for Scala 2.12 and 2.13. The core module has no dependencies.

Programming language: Scala

License: MIT License

Tags: Misc     Extensions     Parsing    

Latest version: v0.3.1

README

calev

Small Scala library for parsing systemd.time like calendar event expressions. It is available for Scala 2.12 and 2.13. The core module has no dependencies.

What are calendar events?

It serves the same purpose as cron expressions, but uses a different syntax: a "normal" timestamp where each part is a pattern. A pattern is a list of values, a range or * meaning every value. Some examples:

Expression	Meaning
*-*-* 12:15:00	every day at 12:15
2020-1,5,9-* 10:00:00	every day on Jan, May and Sept of 2020 at 10:00
Mon *-*-* 09:00:00	every monday at 9:00
Mon..Fri *-*-1/7 15:00:00	on 1.,8.,15. etc of every month at 15:00 but not on weekends

The 1/7 means value 1 and all multiples of 7 added to it. A range with repetition, like 1..12/2 means 1 and all multiples of 2 addet to it within the range 1..12.

For more information see

man systemd.time

or

https://man.cx/systemd.time#heading7

Limitations

This library has some limitations when parsing calendar events compared to systemd:

• The ~ in the date part for refering last days of a month is not supported.
• No parts except weekdays may be absent. Date and time parts must all be specified, except seconds are optional.

Modules

• The core module has zero dependencies and implements the parser and generator for calendar events. With sbt, use: sbt libraryDependencies += "com.github.eikek" %% "calev-core" % "0.3.1"
• The fs2 module contains utilities to work with FS2 streams. These were taken, thankfully and slightly modified to exchange cron expressions for calendar events, from the fs2-cron library. With sbt, use sbt libraryDependencies += "com.github.eikek" %% "calev-fs2" % "0.3.1"
• The doobie module contains Meta, Read and Write instances for CalEvent to use with doobie. sbt libraryDependencies += "com.github.eikek" %% "calev-doobie" % "0.3.1"
• The circe module defines a json decoder and encoder for CalEvent instances to use with circe. sbt libraryDependencies += "com.github.eikek" %% "calev-circe" % "0.3.1"

Examples

Core

Calendar events can be read from a string:

import com.github.eikek.calev._

CalEvent.parse("Mon..Fri *-*-* 6,14:0:0")
// res0: Either[String, CalEvent] = Right(
//   CalEvent(
//     List(Vector(Range(WeekdayRange(Mon, Fri)))),
//     DateEvent(All, All, All),
//     TimeEvent(
//       List(Vector(Single(6, None), Single(14, None))),
//       List(Vector(Single(0, None))),
//       List(Vector(Single(0, None)))
//     ),
//     None
//   )
// )

CalEvent.parse("Mon *-*-* 6,88:0:0")
// res1: Either[String, CalEvent] = Left("Value 88 not in range [0,23]")

There is an unsafe way that throws exceptions:

CalEvent.unsafe("*-*-* 0/2:0:0")
// res2: CalEvent = CalEvent(
//   All,
//   DateEvent(All, All, All),
//   TimeEvent(
//     List(Vector(Single(0, Some(2)))),
//     List(Vector(Single(0, None))),
//     List(Vector(Single(0, None)))
//   ),
//   None
// )

There is a tiny dsl for more conveniently defining events in code:

import com.github.eikek.calev.Dsl._

val ce = CalEvent(AllWeekdays, DateEvent.All, time(0 #/ 2, 0.c, 0.c))
// ce: CalEvent = CalEvent(
//   All,
//   DateEvent(All, All, All),
//   TimeEvent(
//     List(List(Single(0, Some(2)))),
//     List(List(Single(0, None))),
//     List(List(Single(0, None)))
//   ),
//   None
// )
ce.asString
// res3: String = "*-*-* 00/2:00:00"

Once there is a calendar event, the times it will elapse next can be generated:

import java.time._

ce.asString
// res4: String = "*-*-* 00/2:00:00"
val now = LocalDateTime.now
// now: LocalDateTime = 2020-04-26T11:34:34.584
ce.nextElapse(now)
// res5: Option[LocalDateTime] = Some(2020-04-26T12:00)
ce.nextElapses(now, 5)
// res6: List[LocalDateTime] = List(
//   2020-04-26T12:00,
//   2020-04-26T14:00,
//   2020-04-26T16:00,
//   2020-04-26T18:00,
//   2020-04-26T20:00
// )

If an event is in the past, the nextElapsed returns a None:

CalEvent.unsafe("1900-01-* 12,14:0:0").nextElapse(LocalDateTime.now)
// res7: Option[LocalDateTime] = None

FS2

The fs2 utilities allow to schedule things based on calendar events. This is the same as fs2-cron provides, only adopted to use calendar events instead of cron expressions. The example is also from there.

import cats.effect.{IO, Timer}
import fs2.Stream
import com.github.eikek.fs2calev._
import java.time.LocalTime
import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext

implicit val timer: Timer[IO] = IO.timer(ExecutionContext.global)
// timer: Timer[IO] = cats.effect.internals.IOTimer@405b6ebb

val printTime = IO(println(LocalTime.now))
// printTime: IO[Unit] = Delay(<function0>)

val event = CalEvent.unsafe("*-*-* *:*:0/2")
// event: CalEvent = CalEvent(
//   All,
//   DateEvent(All, All, All),
//   TimeEvent(All, All, List(Vector(Single(0, Some(2))))),
//   None
// )

val task = CalevFs2.awakeEvery[IO](event).evalMap(_ => printTime)
// task: Stream[IO[x], Unit] = Stream(..)

task.take(3).compile.drain.unsafeRunSync
// 11:34:36.021
// 11:34:38.001
// 11:34:40.001

Doobie

When using doobie, this module contains instances to write and read calendar event expressions through SQL.

import com.github.eikek.calev._
import com.github.eikek.calev.doobie.CalevDoobieMeta._
import _root_.doobie._
import _root_.doobie.implicits._

case class Record(event: CalEvent)

val r = Record(CalEvent.unsafe("Mon *-*-* 0/2:15"))
// r: Record = Record(
//   CalEvent(
//     List(Vector(Single(Mon))),
//     DateEvent(All, All, All),
//     TimeEvent(
//       List(Vector(Single(0, Some(2)))),
//       List(Vector(Single(15, None))),
//       List(List(Single(0, None)))
//     ),
//     None
//   )
// )

val insert =
  sql"INSERT INTO mytable (event) VALUES (${r.event})".update.run
// insert: ConnectionIO[Int] = Suspend(
//   BracketCase(
//     Suspend(PrepareStatement("INSERT INTO mytable (event) VALUES (?)")),
//     doobie.hi.connection$$$Lambda$7825/109277604@31054516,
//     cats.effect.Bracket$$Lambda$7827/1917232790@5d5c1682
//   )
// )

val select =
  sql"SELECT event FROM mytable WHERE id = 1".query[Record].unique
// select: ConnectionIO[Record] = Suspend(
//   BracketCase(
//     Suspend(PrepareStatement("SELECT event FROM mytable WHERE id = 1")),
//     doobie.hi.connection$$$Lambda$7825/109277604@46e99524,
//     cats.effect.Bracket$$Lambda$7827/1917232790@6d189071
//   )
// )

Circe

The defined encoders/decoders can be put in scope to use calendar event expressions in json.

import com.github.eikek.calev._
import com.github.eikek.calev.circe.CalevCirceCodec._
import io.circe._
import io.circe.generic.semiauto._
import io.circe.syntax._

case class Meeting(name: String, event: CalEvent)
object Meeting {
  implicit val jsonDecoder = deriveDecoder[Meeting]
  implicit val jsonEncoder = deriveEncoder[Meeting]
}

val meeting = Meeting("trash can", CalEvent.unsafe("Mon..Fri *-*-* 14,18:0"))
// meeting: Meeting = Meeting(
//   "trash can",
//   CalEvent(
//     List(Vector(Range(WeekdayRange(Mon, Fri)))),
//     DateEvent(All, All, All),
//     TimeEvent(
//       List(Vector(Single(14, None), Single(18, None))),
//       List(Vector(Single(0, None))),
//       List(List(Single(0, None)))
//     ),
//     None
//   )
// )
val json = meeting.asJson.noSpaces
// json: String = "{\"name\":\"trash can\",\"event\":\"Mon..Fri *-*-* 14,18:00:00\"}"
val read = for {
  parsed <- parser.parse(json)
  value <- parsed.as[Meeting]
} yield value
// read: Either[Error, Meeting] = Right(
//   Meeting(
//     "trash can",
//     CalEvent(
//       List(Vector(Range(WeekdayRange(Mon, Fri)))),
//       DateEvent(All, All, All),
//       TimeEvent(
//         List(Vector(Single(14, None), Single(18, None))),
//         List(Vector(Single(0, None))),
//         List(Vector(Single(0, None)))
//       ),
//       None
//     )
//   )
// )